Durch intensives Nachforschen und der wiederholten Beschäftigung
aller Studien der alten (Berger, Krejik, Wotawa, Steniczka) und neuen (Amann)
möchte ich doch noch den altuellsten Stand meiner Forschung über
österreichische Studienkomponisten hier anbringen. Diese hier ist dann die letzte.
Da weitere Details möglicherweise nicht mehr interessant sind.
Eine weitere und verbesserte Version dieser Chronik gebe ich in Fachzeitschriften.
Zunächst zu den Alten Studienkomponisten:
Berger
war ein starker Schachanalyst, weshalb er auch Berühmtheit im Endspiel erwarb und in
Fernschach bei den gespielten Partien unbesiegbar war (ohne Hilfe von Computer!).
Künstlerisch hochwertig sind seine Studien nicht, aber diese eignen sich gut um Endspielwissen
(Basiswissen) im Anfängerbereich zu erwerben.
Krejik
war damals einer der erfolgreichsten und stärksten unter den österreichischen Schachspieler.
Zugleich war er auch ein begnadeter Allrounder: erster Präsident des österreichischen Schachverbandes,
Autor von 3 Büchern, und Publizist,
Problemkomponist von Matt - und Selbstmattaufgaben und Studienkomponist.
Als Studienkomponist hat er meistens originelle, ungewöhnliche Stücke gebaut, die aber ziemlich alle "kaputt" sind, vorwiegend,
weil er sich um die Duale in der Spätphase seiner Studie nicht kümmerte und vielleicht sich nicht interessierte.
Auch seine preisgekrönten Studien sind ausnahmslos kaputt.
Wotawa,
komponierte ähnlich wie heutzutage Amann (Nussknackerstudien),
wegen der großen Zahl seiner guten Studienentwürfe, auch wenn diese manchmal kaputt sind,
wird Wotawa bis heute 2013 wohl als Studienkomponist die größte Leistung Österreichs gebracht haben
Stenizcka,
ein thematischer Schachstudienkomponist. Seine Werke haben sehr gutes Nivau.
Über Geburtsdatum und Sterbedatum steht nichts im Internet.
Ich vermute, dass Stenizcka schon tot ist.
---
Verbesserte und letzte Version:
Austrian Chess-studycomposer (by Peter Krug, Salzburg)
Prof. Johann Nepomuk Berger (11 April 1845, Graz and died 17 October 1933)
was an Austrian chess master, theorist, endgame study composer, author and editor.
He was a professor on the technical high school in Graz.
Berger learned chess rather late when he was already 16 years old.
He was also an editor of the "Deutsche Schachzeitung" and author of 2 books:
"Das Schachproblem und dessen Kunstgerechte Darstellung (Leipzig 1884)" and
" Theorie und Praxis der Endspiele (Leipzig 1890), Problemen, Studien und Partien (Leipzig 1914)."
Berger was also the first Austrian to win an important international correspondence tournament the Monde Illustré 1889-1892,
and he did so with the remarkable result of 45 wins, no losses, and three draws.
On his famous book "Theorie und Praxis der Endspiele" (Theory and Practice of the Endgame) he worked 7 years,
and it was a standard work for decades.
The Bergersche Quadrat is nowaday for all chessplayer well known.
His studies are mostly practical endgame, not so artistic and are useful for chessplayer to improve their endgame-knowledge.
One of his best study is:
study 1
[Event "3.p Rigaer Tageblatt"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1909.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Berger=J"]
[Black "(=0002.24e4g4)"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/6p1/7p/6PN/3NK1k1/6Pp/6p1/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "19"]
[EventDate "1909.??.??"]
1. gxh6 gxh6 (1... g1=Q 2. hxg7 Qb1+ (2... Qe1+ 3. Kd3 Qd1+ 4. Ke3 Qc1+ 5. Ke4
$1 Qc8 6. g8=Q+ Qxg8 7. Nf6+ Kxg3 8. Nxg8 h2 9. Nf5+ Kf2 10. Nf6 h1=Q+ 11. Kf4)
3. Ke3 Qb8 (3... Qc1+ 4. Ke4 $1 Qg5 5. g8=Q Qxg8 6. Nf6+ Kxg3 7. Nxg8 h2 8.
Nf5+ Kh3 9. Nf6 h1=Q+ 10. Kf4) 4. g8=Q+ Qxg8 5. Nf6+) 2. Nf3 g1=Q $1 (2... g1=N
3. Nh2+ Kxh5 4. Kf5) 3. Nf6+ (3. Nxg1 $2 h2) 3... Kxg3 4. Nh5+ (4. Nxg1 $2 h2
5. Nh5+ Kg2) 4... Kg2 (4... Kf2 5. Nxg1 h2 6. Nh3+ Kg2 7. N5f4+) (4... Kg4 5.
Nf6+) 5. Nf4+ (5. Nxg1 $2 h2) 5... Kf1 6. Nxg1 h2 7. Nf3 $1 h1=Q 8. Ke3 $1 h5 {
} 9. Nd2+ Kg1 (9... Ke1 10. Nd3+ Kd1 11. Nf2+) 10. Nf3+ 1/2-1/2
Chess master Prof. Dr. Josef Krejcik was born in Vienna 22.1.1885 and died there 4.1.1957,
He was a very successful chessplayer and played against Aljechin, Tartakower and Spielman.
As an Allround - Chesstalent from Austria,
he also was a problemist (composed mates and selfmates), study composer,
autor of 3 books (" Mein Abschied von Schach" with autobiographical details,
"13 Kinder Caissens" and "Artige und unartige Kinder der Schachmuse")
and publicist in the "Wiener Schachzeitung".
1920 He became the first "Präsident des österreichischen Bundes".
In the Van der Heijden database exist 63 studies from him (composed from 1904 until 1956).
study 2 is an original idea:
[Event "Schach Echo#106"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1956.02.20"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Krejcik=J"]
[Black "(=5895.14a1g8)"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "Q1NRRrkb/1B3nb1/2B1pq1p/2bB1NP1/1b2B3/bp3B2/brp3Q1/K6B w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "42"]
[EventDate "1956.??.??"]
1. Rxf8+ (1. Nfe7+ $2 Bxe7 2. Nxe7+ Bxe7 3. Rxf8+ Bexf8 4. Rxf8+ Baxf8 5. Bh7+
Kxh7 6. Bde4+ Kg8 7. Bh7+ Kxh7 8. Bce4+ Kg8 9. Bh7+ Kxh7 10. Bbe4+ Kg8 11. Bh7+
Kxh7 12. Be4+ Kg8 13. Bh7+ Kxh7 14. Qae4+ Kg8 15. Qh7+ Kxh7 16. Qe4+ Qg6) 1...
Bcxf8 2. Rxf8+ Bbxf8 3. Nce7+ (3. Nfe7+ {Dual minor PK} Baxe7 4. Nxe7+) 3...
Baxe7 4. Nxe7+ Qxe7 5. Bh7+ Kxh7 6. Bde4+ Kg8 7. Bh7+ Kxh7 8. Bce4+ Kg8 9. Bh7+
Kxh7 10. Bbe4+ Kg8 11. Bh7+ Kxh7 12. Be4+ Kg8 13. Bh7+ Kxh7 14. Qge4+ Kg8 15.
Qh7+ Kxh7 16. Qe4+ Kg8 17. Qh7+ Kxh7 18. Be4+ Kg8 19. Bh7+ Kxh7 20. g6+ Kg8 21.
gxf7+ Kh7 1/2-1/2
---
Dr. Alois Wotawa (11.06 1896 - 12.04 1970)
lived in Vienna and worked as a public prosecutor ("Staatsanwalt").
He was a friend from Friedrich Chlubna and composed about 390 studies.
Wotawa also wrote a book:
"Auf Spurensuche mit Schachfiguren. 150 Endspielstudien. de Gruyter"
Like Günter Amann, Wotawa also loved surprising, sharpe
moves, that ends in mate, or stalemate.
Sometimes the introduction of his studies are brutal, but he has composed this without
any help from computer.
His impressiv art-works were published mostly in the "Deutsche Schachzeitung",
where his best friend Halumbirek was the editor, but there were no tourneys.
Therefore he has won in his long compositionlife from 1930 until 1970 (40 years) only 6 prizes.
In 1966, FIDE honored Wotawa as an international master of chess composition.
After 2 years, when he lost his wife and also his friend Halumbirek, he died.
study 3
[Event "Deutsche Schachzeitung#2205"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1942.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Wotawa=A"]
[Black "(+4800.16d7h6)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "5rR1/2pK2pp/r1p4k/p1p1q3/6P1/8/8/2R3Q1 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "21"]
[EventDate "1942.??.??"]
{Deutsche Schachzeitung/11} 1. Qh1+ Kg6 2. Qh5+ Qxh5 3. gxh5+ Kf7 4. Rh8 $1 {
The famous Wotawa move} Rxh8 5. Rf1+ Kg8 6. h6 $1 Ra8 (6... gxh6 7.
Ke7) 7. Ke7 a4 8. Rg1 (8. Rf7 $2 Re8+ 9. Kxe8 gxh6) 8... g6 9. Rf1 a3 10. Rf7
a2 11. Rg7# 1-0
Heinrich Bernleitner (born 30-04-1937 and died 16-01-2010) AUT
...made interesting studies with good level.
Only 8 studies can be found in the Harold van der Heijden database, 2 were awarded with prizes.
Mostly he composed direct mates, selfmates, helpmates and fairy problems (mostly Circe),
sometimes in collaboration with Klaus Wenda or Helmut Zajic.
study 4
[Event "1/2.p Schach#12002"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1989.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Bernleitner=H"]
[Black "(+0100.25e1f7)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "2R5/5k2/4p3/4p3/3p4/4pp2/1P5P/4K3 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "13"]
[EventDate "1989.??.??"]
{Schach/6 EG#08767} 1. Rc7+ $1 (1. Rc3 $2 dxc3 2. bxc3 Kf6 3. c4 Kf5 4. c5 Ke4
5. c6 Kd3 6. c7 f2+ 7. Kf1 Kd2) 1... Ke8 (1... Kf6 2. Rd7 Kf5 3. b4 Ke4 4. b5
Kd3 5. Rf7 Kc4 6. b6) 2. Rc2 $1 (2. Rc1 $2 d3 3. Ra1 Ke7 4. b4 Kd6 5. b5 Kc5 6.
Rb1 (6. b6 Kxb6 7. h4 Kc5 8. h5 Kd5) 6... Kd4 7. b6 e2) (2. Rc5 $2 d3 3. Rxe5
d2+ 4. Kd1 f2 5. Rxe6+ Kf7 $1) (2. Rc3 $2 dxc3 3. bxc3 Ke7 $1 4. h4 (4. c4 Kd6
$1) 4... Kf6 $1) 2... d3 3. Re2 $1 dxe2 (3... fxe2 {} 4. b4 $1 Kd7 5. b5
Kd6 6. b6 $1 Kc6 7. h4) 4. h4 $1 (4. b4 $2 Kd7 5. b5 Kd6 6. b6 Kc6 7. h4 Kxb6
8. h5 Kc5 9. h6 Kd4 10. h7 Kd3 11. h8=Q f2#) 4... Kf7 5. h5 Kf6 6. h6 $1 Kg6 7.
b4 1-0
After the surprising move 3.Te2! the picture of the position is a cruzifix! (comment Peter Krug)
Dipl. Ing. Helmut Stenizcka was an Austrian master and "Ehrenmitglied" from Chessclub "Hietzig" (about 2216 elo, national)
and played for Schachklub Hietzig Wien.
He is (after Wotawa) the second Austrian studycomposer of international level and won in 35 years 11 prizes.
His studies are from rather high level.
study 5
[Event "4.p Schach#12617"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1991.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Steniczka=H"]
[Black "(+0800.25e7h5)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/3RK2p/p2p4/7k/7p/2R2P2/1r1p2P1/7r w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "11"]
[EventDate "1991.??.??"]
{Schach/12 EG#09263} 1. Kf6 $1 Rb7 $1 (1... Kh6 2. Rcc7) (1... h6 2. Rc5+ dxc5
3. Rd5#) 2. Rxb7 h6 3. Rd3 (3. Re7 $2 Re1 $1 4. Rd3 d1=Q $1) 3... d1=Q 4. Rb1
$1 Qxd3 (4... Qxb1 5. Rd5+) (4... Qxf3+ 5. gxf3 Rxb1 6. Rd5#) (4... h3 5. Rdxd1
) 5. g4+ $1 hxg3 6. Rxh1# 1-0
New generation of Austrian chesscomposer
Since 2006 Günter Amann from Nüzider is the fourth (4th) Internat. Master (2300 elo) from Vorarlberg.
He plays very successful for "Schachclub Hohenems".
But he also is highly talented in chesscomposing:
His points are surprising, sharp moves compined with mate or stalemate and therefore put his
ideas in a natual, chessfriendly position. The kings therefore are often on the edge.
No 6 is one of the best study from Austria.
[Event "CB 25 AT 021 -1st Prize"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "2011.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Amann, Günter"]
[Black "="]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "3R4/2N1Qnpk/3p4/q2p4/3P1P1P/3P2P1/5K2/3r4 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "28"]
[EventDate "2011.??.??"]
1. Kf3 $1 {First: The white king is running for his life} (1. Qxf7 $2 Qe1+ 2.
Kf3 Rxd3+ 3. Kg4 Rxg3+ 4. Kf5 Qe4#) (1. Ra8 $2 Qc3 $1 2. Ra2 Ne5 $1 $19) 1...
Rxd3+ (1... Nxd8 2. Ne8 $11) 2. Kg4 Nh6+ 3. Kh5 Rxg3 {Now the kings are in the
right position, where both sides can attacking.} (3... Qd2 4. g4 $1 (4. Qg5
Rxg3 $1 5. Qxg3 Qe2+ $19) 4... Qxf4 5. Qxg7+ $1 (5. Qe6 $2 Qf7+ 6. Qxf7 Nxf7 7.
Rd7 g6#) 5... Kxg7 6. Ne6+) 4. Ne6 (4. Rxd6 $2 Ng8 $19) (4. Ne8 $2 Ng8 $19)
4... Qxd8 $1 5. Ng5+ $3 {Instead of taking the queen, white has to play for a
stalemate.} (5. Nxd8 $2 Ng8 $1 6. Qf7 Nf6+ 7. Qxf6 gxf6 $19) (5. Qxd8 $2 g6#)
5... Rxg5+ 6. fxg5 Qf8 $1 {Black has again a wonderful resource to make white
new problems.} (6... Qxe7 7. g6+ Kg8 {stalemate}) (6... Qc8 7. g6+ Kh8 8. Qd8+
Qxd8 {stalemate}) 7. g6+ Kg8 8. Qe6+ (8. Qd8 $2 Nf5 $1 $19) 8... Kh8 9. Qf6 $3
Qe8 (9... gxf6 10. g7+ Qxg7 {stalemate}) 10. Qd8 (10. Qe7 $2 Qa4 11. Qf8+ Ng8
$19) 10... Qg8 11. Qg5 $1 (11. Qxd6 $2 Nf5 12. Qe5 Qc8 $1 13. Qxd5 Nxd4 $1 14.
Qxd4 Qf5#) (11. Qf6 $2 Ng4 $1 $19) 11... Qe6 (11... Nf7 12. gxf7 $11) 12. Qxh6+
$1 gxh6 13. g7+ Kh7 14. g8=Q+ (14. g8=B+ $11) 14... Kxg8 {Stalemate} 1/2-1/2
study 7, Peter Krug (born 23.11.66)
[Event "Georgien ITT 2011, 1. Preis"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "2011.00.00"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Peter Krug, Salzburg"]
[Black "?"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[Annotator "Krug,PeterK"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "1nn1N3/8/1PP5/4k2p/6p1/3b4/1K4P1/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "31"]
[SourceDate "2013.03.26"]
1. b7 $1 (1.c7 $2 Nd7 2. b7 Ndb6 3. b8=Q Be4) 1... Ba6 2. c7 Nd7 3. b8=Q Ndb6 4. Ng7 h4 5.
Nh5 g3 6. Nxg3 hxg3 7. Kc1 $3 (7. Kc2 $2 Ke4 8. Kc3 Ke3 9. Kb4 Kd4 10. Ka5 Bd3
11. Qb7 Kc5 12. Qf3 Nc4+ 13. Ka6 Ne5+) (7. Kc3 $2 Kd5 8. Kc2 Kc4 9. Kd2 Kd4 10.
Kd1 Kd3 11. Ke1 Ke3 12. Kd1 Kf2) 7... Kd5 8. Kd1 $1 Ke5 9. Kc1 $1 Ke4 10. Kc2
Ke3 11. Kc3 {zz} Kf2 12. Kb4 Kxg2 13. Ka5 Bc4 14. Qb7+ Bd5 15. Qa6 Bc4 16. Qb7+
$11 1/2-1/2